What is and what function of the amv table?

The acronym AMV, widely used in railroads, is the abbreviation for the Road Change Apparatus. In other words, AMV is that diversion built on the railroad tracks that allows the train to move from one line to the other. You have most likely seen and misunderstood what they are for and how they work. Well, we are here to clarify these doubts, and to help you understand a little more about this important equipment on the railroad lines. 

The AMV is composed of various accessories that, together, enable the mechanism to change the route for trains. For the construction of an AMV, a series of calculations must be carried out according to the basis available in the AMV table. Only after the studies and applications of these data is it possible for the apparatus to be assembled. 

The composition of a switching device is complex, but we can present the main compositions of this structure. We will spend part of the formation of this structure, citing the main components that allow trains to make the movement of change of direction.

Later, we will also talk about the types of AMV built on the Brazilian railroad lines, all in accordance with the calculations provided by the AMV table, which ensures that the construction is done in an appropriate manner, without harming the roads or trains.

AMV components: rails and railroad ties

Obviously, because they are railroad lines, rails and railroad ties are part of its composition. The rails are formed by pieces of laminated profile and are built to the appropriate specification for each railroad. They are essential for trains to maintain a uniform path or change direction, since it is the tracks that enable the wheels of the train to move.

The railroad ties, on the other hand, are components that provide the fixation of the rails in the railroad networks, keeping them stuck and supported. The construction of these structures for the composition of an AMV must be done in accordance with the standards, with the most resistant materials on the market and also in accordance with the AMV table. 

Spears

Spears are tools located at the ends of a road and are the moving parts of the composition. Because of the lances, changing the direction of the train's route is possible. They are formed by smaller, laminated steel rails, and their movement depends on the use of some other devices that we will see below.

Needle

Needles are effectively the components that move the lances. They can be used manually or motorized, according to the need of the road. For the proper installation of these moving parts and movement control, it is important to use AMV tables so that all parts are placed in the exact points. 

Switchgear

These are the parts that allow the movement of the needles, as well as the control of the position of the lances, changing the path of the rails. 

Alligator and pommel

These compositions are the reference parts of meeting points between two tracks. Alligators are possibly the most important pieces of the composition. For this very reason, they are also commonly called the “heart” of the railroad line. 

Alligators are the intersections of two tracks, mounted at the ends of each lane. The construction of this instrument can be done in several ways, such as:

• Mobile alligators;
• Bolted rail alligators;
• Alligator with removable tip;
• Massive alligator.

The type of alligator that will be installed is directly linked to the way it is built. The most common processes that the alligator pieces go through are delivered and assembled on the tracks of a railroad are: casting, machining, cutting and screwing.

The window frames are tools positioned at the ends, which make the wheels of the rails have to pass through at the points of intersection of the paths. Proper placement of these parts is done using the AMV table. 

Types of AMV

After understanding a little more about the main compositions of a Track Change Apparatus, it is also important to know the main types of AMV built, and how the AMV tables are fundamental in making calculations for the assembly of this structure. 

Manual Control AMV

The first type of AMV is also the simplest composition found in Brazilian rail networks. As the name implies, the control of the needles that move the transfer pieces of the paths is done manually, through the action of the responsible workers. For this type of structure, the calculations available in the AMV tables are simpler, since they do not require motorized equipment. 

Spring AMV

This equipment is made up of a spring that changes the position of the rail. After the trains pass, the springs return to their point of origin, along with the tracks 

AMV with Electric Circuit Controller

The AMV with electrical circuit command, as the name makes clear, consists of commands from electronic devices. When the circuit switch is reserved, these controllers prevent the positioning of the track from being changed. 

Importance of motors

As we have seen, there are several types of AMV used on railroad lines. The possibilities are differentiated according to the commands that are made to move the booms. The composition is fundamentally directed towards the type of motor installed. The motors can be operated manually, hydraulically, electrically or by springs. Thus, the types of AMV that will be applied are defined from the motor's operating system. The entire installation of the motor structure and system is done, therefore, with the help of the AMV table. 

Conclusion

As we have seen, the different types of AMV are assembled so that trains can move in different directions. The conclusion that we can reach is that this structure, formed by several accessories and data monitoring made by the AMV table, is essential for the displacement of the trains on the railroad tracks. The possibilities are varied and for all needs.
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