{"id":4448,"date":"2022-06-01T16:22:42","date_gmt":"2022-06-01T19:22:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/?p=4448"},"modified":"2023-01-13T08:57:01","modified_gmt":"2023-01-13T11:57:01","slug":"investimento-em-ferrovias-no-brasil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/en\/investimento-em-ferrovias-no-brasil\/","title":{"rendered":"New panoramas and investments in railroads in Brazil"},"content":{"rendered":"

Considering the territorial extension of Brazil, the national rail modal is a relatively little used sector. Currently, it is possible to perceive a preference for road transport in relation to rail transport when it comes to the the flow of products<\/a>, both those destined for the domestic market and goods for export. To be more specific, in 2018, highways were responsible for transporting 75% of national production, while railways only 5.4%. Despite this, the recent trend in favor of investment in railways in Brazil promises to transform this scenario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

One of the ways to understand the role of the railway sector in the national transport matrix is \u200b\u200bto examine its history. In fact, there was a time when the construction of railroads was the interest of many state and private investments that sought, above all, ways to speed up the transport of coffee. From the mid-nineteenth century to the 1920s, the Brazilian rail network<\/a> grew a lot. In 1919, the country already had more than 28 thousand kilometers of railroads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was during the first term of Get\u00falio Vargas that the first attempts were made to prioritize the road system over the rail system. However, it was in the government of Juscelino Kubitschek, in the 1950s, that the road modal became the main focus of investment in land transport. According to the central motto of the JK government, which promised rapid economic growth, the construction of railways was an excessively long process. Therefore, promoting road construction and the implementation of automobile industries in the country was the chosen path.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even today, it is possible to perceive the consequences of this road prioritization. Despite this, there are more and more government projects, such as the Marco Legal da Ferrovias<\/a>, which seek to encourage investment in railways in Brazil and restore the potential of this very promising means of transport. Let's get to know some of the most important measures that can change the panorama of Brazilian railroads.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Investment in railways in Brazil: Marco Legal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"marco<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

In the 1990s, in an attempt to attract investments to the railway sector, the Brazilian government began a process of privatization of the railways. In this way, the federal government held auctions, where private companies won concessions<\/a> for certain railway sections. It is worth remembering that the concessions were always temporary, and at the end of the validity period, the administration of the stretch was returned to the government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This strategy did not achieve great results, as this model involved long bureaucratic processes. As a way of streamlining the procedure, the Legal Framework for Railways was created.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This project proposes replacing the concession model with a simplified authorization system. That is, instead of acquiring ownership of roads through auctions, the interested entrepreneur must present to the federal authorities a project describing his proposal and his intentions in relation to the chosen stretch. The same goes for companies that want to build new railroads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition, the entrepreneur can also stipulate a longer term for the authorization contract, the maximum duration being 99 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since its sanction in December 2021, the federal government has received more than 80 projects. According to the Minister of Infrastructure, Tarc\u00edsio Freitas, there are more than 20,000 kilometers of new tracks, totaling around R$ 240 billion in investment in railways in Brazil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro Rails Program<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"investimento<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

A large part of the authorization requests in response to the Marco Legal das Ferrovias were carried out through the federal program Pro Trilhos, and of the 80 requests issued, 27 have already been authorized.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The program was created in September 2021 as a way to implement the changes made possible by the Legal Framework. Therefore, its objectives are in line with those of the project: to attract private investment so that it can stimulate the development of the railway sector, encourage technological innovation and increase competitiveness between different modes of transport.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the long term, investment in railways in Brazil by private companies can considerably increase the railway network and even reduce the cost of freight in the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Minas Gerais is the state with the highest number of investments<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"trilhos<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Among the 27 projects that were authorized by Pro Trilhos, 7 pass through the territory of Minas Gerais, totaling more than 3 thousand km of new rails and R$ 58 billion in investments. Currently, the rail network<\/a> comprises about 2,500 km, that is, it is expected to double in size in the coming years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This attention given to the state of Minas Gerais is justified by its important role in the Brazilian economy. For example, Minas Gerais is the third state that produces the most beef, being the leader in the national production of milk. The state is also the largest coffee producer in the country: of the entire 2021 crop, Minas Gerais was responsible for 46%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition to the agricultural sector, the state of Minas Gerais has large mineral reserves. Minas Gerais is the leader in the production of iron ore,<\/strong><\/a>in addition to being a major producer of bauxite, zinc and gold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is important to remember that the state of Minas Gerais does not have a coastline. Therefore, it depends a lot on the transport infrastructure to carry out the flow of its products through the rest of the country and, mainly, to export zones, such as the Port of Santos, for example.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Investment in railroads in Brazil in 2022<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

As stated in the introduction, railroad construction is a long-term investment. That said, let's get to know some of the most recent projects that promise to revitalize the Brazilian rail sector.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The construction of the Nova Transnordestina railroad is a very important project in the flow of agricultural and mineral products from the Northeast. It was designed to connect the ports of Pec\u00e9m (CE) and Suape (PE) to the municipality of Eliseu Martins, in the interior of Piau\u00ed. Totaling 1,753 km of tracks, Transnordestina promises to become an essential route for the transport of iron ore, sugar, beans, corn, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although its construction has been stopped since 2016, the Legal Framework made it possible to transfer the management of Companhia Sider\u00fargica Nacional to businessman Daniel Dantas, who plans to continue the works in 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another recent target for investment in railways in Brazil is the expansion of the Malha Central, which is part of the North-South Railway. Managed by Rumo Log\u00edstica, the roads will receive 3 more terminals by the end of 2022. The schedule foresees the construction of the Iturama (MG) terminal in the second quarter, Rio Verde (GO), in the third, and An\u00e1polis (GO) ), in the bedroom. The new stretch will contribute to the flow of products from the region, mainly fertilizers, sugar and soy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

With this new trend in investment in railways in Brazil, the sector can reach unprecedented levels of development. This will be very advantageous for the country's economic balance, after all, the construction and administration of railways will reduce dependence on the road modal and can solve many logistical challenges in<\/a> national cargo transport.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Searchs:
https:\/\/brasilescola.uol.com.br\/geografia\/por-que-brasil-adotou-utilizacao-das-rodovias-ao-inves-.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.agrolink.com.br\/noticias\/governo-ja-recebeu-80-pedidos-para-construir-ferrovias_462635.html<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Considerando a extens\u00e3o territorial do Brasil, o modal ferrovi\u00e1rio nacional \u00e9 um setor relativamente pouco aproveitado. Atualmente, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel perceber uma prefer\u00eancia pelo modal rodovi\u00e1rio em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao transporte ferrovi\u00e1rio quando o assunto \u00e9 o escoamento de produtos, tanto aqueles destinados ao mercado interno quanto \u00e0s mercadorias para exporta\u00e7\u00e3o. Para ser mais espec\u00edfico, em 2018, as rodovias foram respons\u00e1veis por transportar 75% da produ\u00e7\u00e3o nacional, enquanto, as estradas de ferro, apenas 5,4%. Apesar disso, a recente tend\u00eancia a favor do investimento em ferrovias no Brasil promete transformar esse cen\u00e1rio. Uma das maneiras de compreender a atua\u00e7\u00e3o do setor ferrovi\u00e1rio na matriz de transporte nacional \u00e9 examinar a sua hist\u00f3ria. Na verdade, houve uma \u00e9poca em que a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de ferrovias era interesse de muitos investimentos estatais e privados que buscavam, sobretudo, meios de agilizar o transporte de caf\u00e9. Da metade do s\u00e9culo XIX at\u00e9 a d\u00e9cada de 1920, a malha ferrovi\u00e1ria brasileira cresceu muito. Em 1919, o pa\u00eds j\u00e1 possu\u00eda mais de 28 mil quil\u00f4metros de ferrovias. Foi durante o primeiro mandato de Get\u00falio Vargas que surgiram as primeiras tentativas de priorizar o sistema rodovi\u00e1rio em detrimento do ferrovi\u00e1rio. Por\u00e9m, foi no governo de Juscelino Kubitschek, na d\u00e9cada de 1950, que o modal rodovi\u00e1rio passou a ser o foco principal de investimento em transportes terrestres. Segundo o lema central do governo de JK que prometia um r\u00e1pido crescimento econ\u00f4mico, a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de ferrovias era um processo excessivamente longo. Portanto, promover constru\u00e7\u00f5es rodovi\u00e1rias e a implanta\u00e7\u00e3o de ind\u00fastrias automobil\u00edsticas no pa\u00eds foi o caminho escolhido. At\u00e9 os dias de hoje, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel perceber as consequ\u00eancias dessa prioriza\u00e7\u00e3o rodovi\u00e1ria. Apesar disso, existem cada vez mais projetos governamentais, como o Marco Legal da Ferrovias, que buscam incentivar o investimento em ferrovias no Brasil e restabelecer o potencial desse meio de transporte t\u00e3o promissor. Vamos conhecer algumas das medidas mais importantes que podem mudar o panorama das ferrovias brasileiras. Investimento em ferrovias no Brasil: Marco Legal Na d\u00e9cada de 1990, em uma tentativa de atrair investimentos para o setor ferrovi\u00e1rio, o governo brasileiro iniciou um processo de privatiza\u00e7\u00e3o das ferrovias. Dessa forma, o governo federal realizava leil\u00f5es, onde empresas de iniciativa privada arrematavam concess\u00f5es para determinados trechos ferrovi\u00e1rios. Vale lembrar que as concess\u00f5es eram sempre tempor\u00e1rias, sendo que, ao fim do prazo de validade, a administra\u00e7\u00e3o do trecho era devolvida ao governo. Essa estrat\u00e9gia n\u00e3o obteve grandes resultados, pois esse modelo envolvia longos processos burocr\u00e1ticos. Como uma forma de agilizar o procedimento, foi criado o projeto do Marco Legal das Ferrovias. Esse projeto prop\u00f5e a substitui\u00e7\u00e3o do modelo de concess\u00f5es por um sistema de autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o simplificada. Ou seja, ao inv\u00e9s de adquirir posse de vias atrav\u00e9s de leil\u00f5es, o empres\u00e1rio interessado deve apresentar \u00e0s autoridades federais um projeto descrevendo a sua proposta e suas inten\u00e7\u00f5es em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao trecho escolhido. O mesmo vale para empresas que desejam construir novas ferrovias. Al\u00e9m disso, o empres\u00e1rio tamb\u00e9m pode estipular um prazo maior para o contrato de autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o, sendo que a dura\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e1xima \u00e9 de 99 anos. Desde a sua san\u00e7\u00e3o em dezembro de 2021, o governo federal j\u00e1 recebeu mais de 80 projetos. Segundo o ministro da Infraestrutura, Tarc\u00edsio Freitas, s\u00e3o mais de 20 mil quil\u00f4metros de novos trilhos, somando por volta de R$ 240 bilh\u00f5es em investimento em ferrovias no Brasil. Programa Pro Trilhos Grande parte dos pedidos de autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o em resposta ao Marco Legal das Ferrovias foram realizados atrav\u00e9s do programa federal Pro Trilhos, sendo que, das 80 solicita\u00e7\u00f5es emitidas, 27 j\u00e1 foram autorizadas.\u00a0 O programa foi criado em setembro de 2021 como uma forma de efetivar as mudan\u00e7as possibilitadas pelo Marco Legal. Portanto, os seus objetos est\u00e3o alinhados com os do projeto: atrair investimentos privados para que isso possa estimular o desenvolvimento do setor ferrovi\u00e1rio, incentivar a inova\u00e7\u00e3o tecnol\u00f3gica e ampliar a competitividade entre diferentes modais de transporte. Em longo prazo, o investimento em ferrovias no Brasil por empresas privadas pode aumentar consideravelmente a malha ferrovi\u00e1ria e, inclusive, reduzir o custo de fretes no pa\u00eds. Minas Gerais \u00e9 o estado com maior n\u00famero de investimentos Entre os 27 projetos que foram autorizados pelo Pro Trilhos, 7 passam pelo territ\u00f3rio de Minas Gerais, somando mais de 3 mil km de trilhos novos e R$ 58 bilh\u00f5es de investimentos. Atualmente, a malha ferrovi\u00e1ria mineira comporta cerca de 2,5 mil km, ou seja, \u00e9 esperado que ela dobre de tamanho nos pr\u00f3ximos anos. Essa aten\u00e7\u00e3o reservada ao estado mineiro \u00e9 justificada pelo seu importante papel na economia brasileira. Por exemplo, Minas Gerais \u00e9 o terceiro estado que mais produz carne bovina, sendo que \u00e9 o l\u00edder na produ\u00e7\u00e3o nacional de leite. O estado tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 o maior produtor de caf\u00e9 do pa\u00eds: de toda a safra de 2021, Minas Gerais foi respons\u00e1vel por 46%. Al\u00e9m do setor agropecu\u00e1rio, o estado mineiro possui grandes reservas minerais. Minas Gerais \u00e9 o l\u00edder na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de min\u00e9rio de ferro, al\u00e9m de ser grande produtor de bauxita, zinco e ouro. \u00c9 importante lembrar que o estado mineiro n\u00e3o possui costa mar\u00edtima. Por isso, ele depende muito da infraestrutura de transportes para realizar o escoamento de seus produtos pelo resto do pa\u00eds e, principalmente, para zonas de exporta\u00e7\u00e3o, como o Porto de Santos, por exemplo.\u00a0 Investimento em ferrovias no Brasil em 2022 Como foi dito na introdu\u00e7\u00e3o, a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de ferrovias \u00e9 um investimento de longo prazo. Dito isso, vamos conhecer alguns dos projetos mais recentes que prometem revitalizar o setor ferrovi\u00e1rio brasileiro. A constru\u00e7\u00e3o da ferrovia Nova Transnordestina \u00e9 um projeto muito importante no escoamento de produtos agr\u00edcolas e minerais do Nordeste. Ela foi projetada para conectar os portos de Pec\u00e9m (CE) e Suape (PE) ao munic\u00edpio de Eliseu Martins, no interior do Piau\u00ed. Totalizando 1.753 km de trilhos, a Transnordestina promete se tornar uma rota essencial para o transporte de min\u00e9rio de ferro, a\u00e7\u00facar, feij\u00e3o, milho, etc. Embora a sua constru\u00e7\u00e3o tenha estado parada desde 2016, o Marco Legal possibilitou a passagem da administra\u00e7\u00e3o da Companhia Sider\u00fargica Nacional para o empres\u00e1rio Daniel Dantas, que planeja continuar as obras […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4454,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4448","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ferrovias"],"yoast_head":"\nInvestimento em ferrovias no Brasil: novos panoramas - Massa Pesagem<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nossas medidas tomadas pelo Governo Federal trouxeram esperan\u00e7a de investimento em ferrovias no Brasil, entenda mais sobre esse assunto nesse artigo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/en\/investimento-em-ferrovias-no-brasil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Investimento em ferrovias no Brasil: novos panoramas - 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