{"id":4415,"date":"2022-05-19T13:48:59","date_gmt":"2022-05-19T16:48:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/?p=4415"},"modified":"2023-01-13T08:57:01","modified_gmt":"2023-01-13T11:57:01","slug":"exportacao-agropecuaria-brasileira","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/en\/exportacao-agropecuaria-brasileira\/","title":{"rendered":"The importance of the railroad in Brazilian agricultural exports"},"content":{"rendered":"

Brazilian Agriculture<\/a> is one of the main bases of the Brazilian economy. In fact, the term brings together two fundamental economic activities: growing plants and raising animals. Both are especially important for the economy, as they fall within the primary sector, that is, they allow the production of raw materials and resources aimed at human consumption. Although these primary products can be destined to supply the domestic market, Brazilian agricultural exports are one of the protagonists of the country's economic development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Currently, with the increasingly frequent technological advances in agricultural production, the sector has grown considerably. To better understand the importance of Brazilian agricultural activity, as well as its role in the international market, we have prepared an article with everything on the subject.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Main products of Brazilian agriculture <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"homem<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Before understanding how Brazilian agricultural exports are carried out, let's get to know the main products generated by this economic activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brazilian Soy<\/strong> is the flagship of Brazilian a agribusiness<\/a> . According to a survey released by the Secretary of Commerce and International Relations (SCRI), the 2021 harvest reached the mark of 136 million tons, yielding about US$ 44.5 billion. It is worth remembering that soy production is not limited to the grain<\/a>, but also includes bran and oil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another key agricultural product for the national trade balance is coffee<\/strong>. Between January and September 2021, more than 29 million 60kg bags were sold, generating revenue of US$ 4.17 billion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Despite the decrease in corn production corn<\/strong><\/a>, due to droughts, around 20 million tons were still exported during the 2021 harvest, yielding US$ 7.34 billion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thinking specifically on the livestock side, beef reached<\/strong> a record US$ 7.4 billion in sales, and at the beginning of 2022, Brazil exported around 7 thousand tons per day. One of the reasons for the increase was the fact that China has returned to buy beef from Brazil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chicken meat was the<\/strong> 7th most exported product by the country in 2021, totaling 4.2 million tons, which generated around US$ 6.4 billion for Brazil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Types of agricultural systems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"produ\u00e7\u00e3o<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

In Brazil, there are producers in the agricultural area of \u200b\u200bdifferent sizes, so this activity can be carried out through three types of systems: extensive, intensive and labor intensive.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

First, extensive farming is carried out by family producers, and the technology is little used or almost non-existent. In this modality, production is low and the workforce is mostly familiar. This is an older system and uses more traditional techniques, and the main destination of the products is regional supply.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On the other hand, intensive farming has higher productivity rates and replaces a large part of human labor with technological resources, such as agricultural machines, fertilizers, pesticides and livestock confinement. This system, due to its greater production capacity, is dedicated to Brazilian agricultural exports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finally, labor-intensive farming is a kind of middle ground between the two previous ones. In this case, human labor is the main one, however, it can also use some technological resources to boost production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The importance of agricultural activity in Brazil<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"import\u00e2ncia<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

As mentioned in the introduction, agriculture is one of the foundations of the country's trade balance. According to a study carried out by the Center for Advanced Studies in Applied Economics (Cepea) in partnership with the Confederation of Agriculture and Livestock of Brazil (CNA), the share occupied by agriculture in the national GDP in 2021 is 28%, which reveals an increase compared to the value reached in 2020, of 26.6%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2021, the Gross Value of Agricultural Production (GVP) reached the mark of R$ 1.129 trillion, which shows a 10% increase in the amount collected in the previous year. Agriculture constitutes the largest part, with 68%, totaling R$ 768.4 billion. While livestock makes up the rest of the value, yielding R$ 360.8 billion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The VBP ranking among the regions is as follows, from the largest producer to the smallest: Midwest Region with R$ 365.8 billion; South Region with R$ 314 billion; Southeast Region with R$ 261.9 billion; Northeast Region with R$ 100.1 billion and the North Region with R$ 72.8 billion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regarding the main targets of Brazilian agricultural exports, China ranks first with 32.4%. The European Union is the second largest buyer, with 15%, and, in third place, the United States, with 7%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The estimate for the year 2022 is optimistic. According to the survey released by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, Mapa, the expected GVP is R$ 1.162 trillion, which would show an increase of 2.9% over the previous year.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The role of railroads in Brazilian agricultural exports<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"exporta\u00e7\u00e3o<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

According to a study carried out jointly by the Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture (Esalq) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), railroads have gained more and more space in Brazilian agricultural exports. For example, road transport of soybeans fell from 74.7% to 67.4% between 2010 and 2019. While the rail modal grew from 20.2% to 24% in the same period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As we saw in the previous topic, most of the country's agricultural production is located in the Midwest. This coupled with the fact that most exports are carried out through ports bathed by the Atlantic Ocean \u2013 such as the Port of Santos, for example \u2013 indicates that there is a long way to go for products in the sector.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That said, the railroads managed by Rumo Log\u00edstica, which connect producing areas from Mato Grosso to the Port of Santos, are one of the most used networks for the export of agricultural products, such as soy, corn and cotton, mainly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition to Rumo, the network operated by MRS Log\u00edstica is also one of the main outlets for corn and coffee, as it connects the states of S\u00e3o Paulo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Recent investments by private initiative for the construction and expansion of the rail network have shown that the rail modal is in the interests of agribusiness.<\/a>It was possible to conclude that the Brazilian agricultural export remains one of the foundations of the country's economy and can gain even more strength with the decrease in dependence on the road modal.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A agropecu\u00e1ria \u00e9 uma das principais bases da economia do Brasil. Na verdade, o termo re\u00fane duas atividades econ\u00f4micas fundamentais: o cultivo de plantas e a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de animais. Ambas s\u00e3o especialmente importantes para a economia, pois se enquadram no setor prim\u00e1rio, isto \u00e9, permitem a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de mat\u00e9rias-primas e de recursos direcionados ao consumo humano. Apesar desses produtos prim\u00e1rios poderem ser destinados ao abastecimento do mercado interno, a exporta\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira \u00e9 um dos protagonistas do desenvolvimento econ\u00f4mico do pa\u00eds. Atualmente, com os avan\u00e7os tecnol\u00f3gicos cada vez mais frequentes na produ\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria, o setor tem crescido consideravelmente. Para entender melhor a import\u00e2ncia da atividade agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira, assim como o seu papel no mercado internacional, preparamos um artigo com tudo sobre o assunto. Principais produtos da agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira  Antes de entender como \u00e9 realizada a exporta\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira, vamos conhecer quais s\u00e3o os principais produtos gerados por essa atividade econ\u00f4mica. A soja \u00e9 o carro-chefe do agroneg\u00f3cio brasileiro. Segundo uma pesquisa divulgada pela Secretaria de Com\u00e9rcio e Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais (SCRI) a safra de 2021 atingiu a marca de 136 milh\u00f5es de toneladas, rendendo cerca de US$ 44,5 bilh\u00f5es. \u00c9 v\u00e1lido lembrar que a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de soja n\u00e3o se resume apenas ao gr\u00e3o, mas tamb\u00e9m engloba o farelo e o \u00f3leo. Outro produto agr\u00edcola fundamental para a balan\u00e7a comercial nacional \u00e9 o caf\u00e9. Entre janeiro e setembro de 2021, foram mais de 29 milh\u00f5es de sacas de 60kg comercializadas, gerando uma receita de US$ 4,17 bilh\u00f5es. Apesar da diminui\u00e7\u00e3o na produ\u00e7\u00e3o do milho, por causa das secas, ainda foram exportadas cerca de 20 milh\u00f5es de toneladas durante a safra do ano de 2021, rendendo US$ 7,34 bilh\u00f5es. Pensando especificamente no lado da pecu\u00e1ria, a carne bovina atingiu o recorde de US$ 7,4 bilh\u00f5es em vendas, sendo que, no in\u00edcio de 2022, o Brasil exportava por volta de 7 mil toneladas por dia. Uma das raz\u00f5es para o aumento foi o fato de a China ter voltado a comprar carne bovina do Brasil. J\u00e1 a carne de frango foi o 7\u00ba produto mais exportado pelo pa\u00eds em 2021, totalizando 4,2 milh\u00f5es de toneladas, o que rendeu por volta de US$ 6,4 bilh\u00f5es para o Brasil. Tipos de sistemas agropecu\u00e1rios No Brasil, h\u00e1 produtores na \u00e1rea de agropecu\u00e1ria de diversos portes, por isso, essa atividade pode ser realizada atrav\u00e9s de tr\u00eas tipos de sistemas: a extensiva, a intensiva e a intensiva com m\u00e3o de obra.\u00a0 Primeiramente, a agropecu\u00e1ria extensiva \u00e9 aquela exercida por produtores familiares, sendo que a tecnologia \u00e9 pouco utilizada ou quase inexistente. Nessa modalidade, a produ\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 baixa e a m\u00e3o de obra \u00e9, em sua maioria, familiar. Esse \u00e9 um sistema mais antigo e utiliza t\u00e9cnicas mais tradicionais, sendo que o principal destino dos produtos \u00e9 o abastecimento regional.\u00a0 Por outro lado, a agropecu\u00e1ria intensiva tem \u00edndices maiores de produtividade e substitui grande parte da m\u00e3o de obra humana por recursos tecnol\u00f3gicos, como m\u00e1quinas agr\u00e1rias, fertilizantes, agrot\u00f3xicos e o confinamento de gado. Esse sistema, por ter uma maior capacidade de produ\u00e7\u00e3o, se dedica \u00e0 exporta\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira. Por fim, a agropecu\u00e1ria intensiva com m\u00e3o de obra \u00e9 um tipo de meio termo entre as duas anteriores. Nesse caso, a m\u00e3o de obra humana \u00e9 o principal, por\u00e9m, ela tamb\u00e9m pode utilizar alguns recursos tecnol\u00f3gicos para impulsionar a produ\u00e7\u00e3o. A import\u00e2ncia da atividade agropecu\u00e1ria no Brasil Como foi dito na introdu\u00e7\u00e3o, a agropecu\u00e1ria \u00e9 um dos alicerces da balan\u00e7a comercial do pa\u00eds. Segundo um estudo realizado pelo Centro de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados em Economia Aplicada (Cepea) em parceria com a Confedera\u00e7\u00e3o da Agricultura e Pecu\u00e1ria do Brasil (CNA), a parcela ocupada pela agropecu\u00e1ria no PIB nacional em 2021 \u00e9 de 28%, o que revela um aumento em compara\u00e7\u00e3o ao valor atingido em 2020, de 26,6%. No ano de 2021, o Valor Bruto da Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Agropecu\u00e1ria (VBP) chegou \u00e0 marca de R$ 1,129 trilh\u00e3o, o que revela um aumento de 10% do valor arrecadado no ano anterior. A agricultura constitui a maior parte, com 68%, somando R$ 768,4 bilh\u00f5es. Enquanto a pecu\u00e1ria comp\u00f5e o restante do valor, rendendo R$ 360,8 bilh\u00f5es. O ranking do VBP entre as regi\u00f5es fica da seguinte maneira, da maior produtora para a menor: Regi\u00e3o Centro-Oeste com R$ 365,8 bilh\u00f5es; Regi\u00e3o Sul com R$ 314 bilh\u00f5es; Regi\u00e3o Sudeste com R$ 261,9 bilh\u00f5es; Regi\u00e3o Nordeste com R$ 100,1 bilh\u00f5es e a Regi\u00e3o Norte com R$ 72,8 bilh\u00f5es. Sobre os principais alvos da exporta\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira, a China fica em primeiro lugar com 32,4%. A Uni\u00e3o Europ\u00e9ia \u00e9 o segundo maior comprador, com 15%, e, em terceiro lugar, os Estados Unidos, com 7%. A estimativa para o ano de 2022 \u00e9 otimista. Segundo o levantamento divulgado pelo Minist\u00e9rio da Agricultura, Pecu\u00e1ria e Abastecimento, o Mapa, o VBP esperado \u00e9 de R$ 1,162 trilh\u00e3o, o que mostraria um aumento de 2,9% em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao ano anterior.\u00a0 O papel das ferrovias na exporta\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira Segundo um estudo realizado conjuntamente pela Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (Esalq) e o Departamento de Agricultura dos Estados Unidos (USDA), as ferrovias t\u00eam ganhado cada vez mais espa\u00e7o na exporta\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira. Por exemplo, o transporte rodovi\u00e1rio de soja caiu de 74,7% para 67,4% entre 2010 e 2019. Enquanto o modal ferrovi\u00e1rio cresceu de 20,2% para 24% no mesmo per\u00edodo. Como vimos no t\u00f3pico anterior, a maior parte da produ\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria do pa\u00eds est\u00e1 situada no Centro-Oeste. Isso aliado ao fato de que a maioria das exporta\u00e7\u00f5es \u00e9 realizada atrav\u00e9s dos portos banhados pelo Oceano Atl\u00e2ntico – como o Porto de Santos, por exemplo – indica que existe um longo caminho a ser percorrido pelos produtos do setor. Dito isso, as ferrovias administradas pela Rumo Log\u00edstica, que ligam \u00e1reas produtoras do Mato Grosso at\u00e9 o Porto de Santos, s\u00e3o uma das malhas mais utilizadas para a exporta\u00e7\u00e3o de produtos agropecu\u00e1rios, como a soja, o milho e o algod\u00e3o, principalmente. Al\u00e9m da Rumo, a malha operada pela MRS Log\u00edstica tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 uma das principais no escoamento de milho e caf\u00e9, por conectar os estados […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4420,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-logistica"],"yoast_head":"\nA import\u00e2ncia da ferrovia na exporta\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira - Massa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Entenda porque as ferrovias s\u00e3o t\u00e3o importantes para a exporta\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira, a log\u00edstica eficiente \u00e9 crucial para esse tipo de produto.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/en\/exportacao-agropecuaria-brasileira\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A import\u00e2ncia da ferrovia na exporta\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria brasileira - 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