{"id":3824,"date":"2021-11-10T14:09:01","date_gmt":"2021-11-10T17:09:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/?p=3824"},"modified":"2023-01-13T08:59:25","modified_gmt":"2023-01-13T11:59:25","slug":"ferrovias-chinesas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/en\/ferrovias-chinesas\/","title":{"rendered":"Find out which are the main Chinese railroads"},"content":{"rendered":"

For the most developed countries in the world, the railroad sector has a preponderant role, both in the transport of cargo and people. China, for example, is one of the countries that invests the most in this sector, making the Chinese railroads a reference for the rest of the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

With each passing year, China increases its investments in this segment even more, increasing the mileage of the railroads and improving the technology used in the railroads and trains. To give you an idea, in 2019, 802.9 billion yuan were invested in railroads (about 600 billion reais). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The following year, the Chinese Ministry of Transport announced that roughly the same amount would be invested for 2020, further expanding recent investments made in Chinese railroads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These high figures show how much China has invested in the sector, essentially over the last few years and decades, aiming to improve the Chinese railroads and trying to get closer to the United States, which is the country with the largest railroad fleet in the world.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

History of Chinese railroads<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"estrutura<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The history of Chinese railroads is centuries old. The first Chinese railroads were built by the English, just for demonstration, having little mileage and without much commercial use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, quickly began to be built effective railroads, the so-called \"railroads\" . <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first railroad built on this model was Woosung Road, which was about 14 km long, but operated only between 1876 and 1877. The line, built by the British government, ran between Shanghai and Woosung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After abandoning the railroad system, discredited by the inactivity of the railroads and because of China's defeat in the Sino-Japanese War, China only allowed investment in railroads again in 1895, when the government released which countries had acquired concessions for new railroads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first of the Chinese railroads, built by the Chinese government, was the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railroad, developed in 1905 by Zhan Tianyou. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The inauguration of this historic railroad was 4 years later, in 1909. This is, to this day, one of the most important railroads in the country, operating with high-speed trains that reach up to 350 km\/h.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou, investment in railroads started to grow considerably. In 1911, for example, the country already had about 9,000 km of railroads, representing almost a third of the railroad mileage in Brazil<\/a> in 2021, for example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

With the constant advancement of technology<\/a> and the broad economic development of the Asian country, China currently has one of the largest railroad fleets in the world, occupying second place in the ranking of largest railroad networks with more than 140,000 km in length.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Of these 124,000 km of Chinese railroads, more than 30,000 km of tracks were built for high-speed trains, with technology in which China stands out in relation to other countries. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This number represents a reach of about 80% of Chinese municipalities with more than one million inhabitants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

High Speed Trains<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"new<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

As we highlighted, high-speed trains are constant investments in recent years in the Asian country. Aiming to increasingly improve the journey of Chinese railroads, the Chinese government invests heavily in the construction of the famous bullet trains, which can reach up to 350 km\/h of speed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The goal set by the country was to build, by the end of 2020, 30,000 km of railroads with high-speed trains. This number represents two thirds of the total number of high-speed railroads in the world, making China a power and reference when it comes to high-speed rail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition to already having the best fleet of high-speed trains in the world, the Chinese railroads are still constantly improving and it is very possible that the railroads will be further improved in the coming years. In 2021, for example, the Chinese government announced the launch of the world's fastest train, which can reach 600 km\/h.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In order to achieve this high speed, they differ from traditional bullet trains, which are driven by Chinese electric railroads. To reach 600 km\/h, the new Chinese bullet train uses magnetic levitation technology, reducing the trains' contact with the tracks and giving the sensation that the train is really levitating. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

These high-speed trains on Chinese railroads are currently responsible for transporting people and cargo<\/a> across the entire length of the country. In 2019, for example, the Chinese government estimates that 3.54 billion passengers were transported in the country in bullet trains alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In relation to goods, the numbers are also expressive. That same year, 3.37 billion tons of goods were transported, of varying types, such as coal, oil, grain, among others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chinese railroads Expansion Projects<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"ferrovia<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

As discussed throughout the article, the Chinese railroads are already quite significant and China is one of the main countries when it comes to the railroad network. However, the country continues to improve its investments, aiming at the construction and assembly of new integration projects between cities and the construction of new high-speed trains.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The bullet train announced in 2021, which runs up to 600 km\/h, is one of the examples of how China seeks to further expand its Chinese railroad projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also, according to the railroad development program presented by China railroad, the country should connect all Chinese cities with populations over 500,000 by 2035. All this connection will be made with high-speed trains. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

With this project, the idea is that the Chinese railroads will reach, by 2035, 200 thousand km in length, 70 thousand km of which with high-speed trains. The idea is also that all cities with populations above 200 thousand people are connected with railroads, regardless of whether they are with bullet trains or not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

As we have seen, Chinese railroads are quite significant, not only for China, but for the rest of the world, serving as a technological and capacity reference. There are more than 140 thousand km of railroads spread across the most populous nation in the world, with more than 30 thousand with high-speed trains. In the coming years, the country's idea is to keep improving the sector, with billionaire investments. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Searchs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/portuguese.xinhuanet.com\/2019-01\/03\/c_137716594.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/portuguese.people.com.cn\/n3\/2020\/0103\/c309806-9645866.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/portuguese.cri.cn\/news\/china\/407\/20200907\/539327.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lista_de_ferrovias_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_da_China<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/portuguese\/internacional-44924348<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.mobilize.org.br\/noticias\/12149\/na-china-ferrovia-centenaria-opera-com-trens-de-alta-velocidade.html<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Para os pa\u00edses mais desenvolvidos do mundo, o setor ferrovi\u00e1rio tem um papel preponderante, tanto no transporte de cargas como de pessoas. A China, por exemplo, \u00e9 um dos pa\u00edses que mais investe nesse setor, fazendo com que as ferrovias chinesas sejam refer\u00eancia para o resto do mundo. A cada ano que passa a China aumenta ainda mais seus investimentos nesse segmento, aumentando a quilometragem das vias ferrovi\u00e1rias e aprimorando a tecnologia utilizada nas ferrovias e trens. Para se ter uma ideia, no ano de 2019 foram investidos 802,9 bilh\u00f5es de yuans em ferrovias (cerca de 600 bilh\u00f5es de reais).  No ano seguinte, o Minist\u00e9rio do Transporte chin\u00eas anunciou que seriam investidos mais ou menos o mesmo montante para 2020, ampliando ainda mais os investimentos recentes feitos nas ferrovias chinesas. Essas altas cifras mostram o quanto a China investe no setor, essencialmente nos \u00faltimos anos e d\u00e9cadas, visando aprimorar cada vez mais as ferrovias chinesas e tentando se aproximar dos Estados Unidos, que \u00e9 o pa\u00eds com a maior frota ferrovi\u00e1ria do mundo. Hist\u00f3rico das ferrovias chinesas A hist\u00f3ria das ferrovias chinesas \u00e9 centen\u00e1ria. As primeiras ferrovias chinesas foram constru\u00eddas por ingleses, apenas para demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o, possuindo pouca quilometragem e sem muita utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o comercial. Entretanto, rapidamente passaram a ser constru\u00eddas ferrovias efetivas, as chamadas \u201crailways\u201d (estrada de ferro).  A primeira ferrovia constru\u00edda nesse modelo foi a Woosung Road, que possu\u00eda cerca de 14 km de extens\u00e3o, mas que manteve opera\u00e7\u00f5es apenas entre 1876 e 1877. A linha, constru\u00edda pelo governo brit\u00e2nico, fazia o trajeto entre Xangai e Woosung. Depois de abandonar o sistema ferrovi\u00e1rio, desacreditado pela inatividade das ferrovias e por conta da derrota da China na Guerra Sino-Japonesa, a China voltou a permitir o investimento em ferrovias apenas em 1895, quando o governo liberou que pa\u00edses adquiriram concess\u00f5es para novas ferrovias. A primeira das ferrovias chinesas, constru\u00edda pelo governo chin\u00eas, foi a ferrovia Beijing-Zhangjiakou, desenvolvida em 1905 por  Zhan Tianyou.  A inaugura\u00e7\u00e3o dessa hist\u00f3rica ferrovia foi 4 anos depois, em 1909. Essa \u00e9, at\u00e9 os dias atuais, uma das mais importantes vias f\u00e9rreas do pa\u00eds, atuando com trens de alta velocidade que chegam at\u00e9 350 km\/h. Depois da constru\u00e7\u00e3o da Beijing-Zhangjiakou, o investimento em ferrovias come\u00e7ou a crescer consideravelmente. Em 1911, por exemplo, o pa\u00eds j\u00e1 possu\u00eda cerca de 9000 km de extens\u00e3o de vias f\u00e9rreas, representando quase um ter\u00e7o da quilometragem ferrovi\u00e1ria do Brasil em 2021, por exemplo. Com o avan\u00e7o constante da tecnologia e o desenvolvimento econ\u00f4mico amplo do pa\u00eds asi\u00e1tiico, a China possui, atualmente, uma das maiores frotas de ferrovias do mundo todo, ocupando o segundo lugar no ranking de maiores malhas ferrovi\u00e1rias com mais de 140 mil km de extens\u00e3o. Desses 124 mil km de extens\u00e3o das ferrovias chinesas, mais de 30 mil km de trilhos foram constru\u00eddos para trens de alta velocidade, com tecnologia em que a China se destaca em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos demais pa\u00edses.  Esse n\u00famero representa um alcance de cerca de 80% dos munic\u00edpios chineses com mais de um milh\u00e3o de habitantes. Trens de alta velocidade Como destacamos, os trens de alta velocidade s\u00e3o investimentos constantes nos \u00faltimos anos no pa\u00eds asi\u00e1tico. Visando aprimorar cada vez mais as viagens das ferrovias chinesas, o governo chin\u00eas investe pesado na constru\u00e7\u00e3o dos famosos trens-bala, que podem chegar at\u00e9 350 km\/h de velocidade. A meta estipulada pelo pa\u00eds era de construir, at\u00e9 o fim de 2020, 30 mil km de extens\u00e3o de ferrovias com trens de alta velocidade. Esse n\u00famero representa dois ter\u00e7os do total de ferrovias de alta velocidade no mundo todo, ou seja, tornando a China uma pot\u00eancia e refer\u00eancia quando se fala em alta velocidade nos trilhos. Al\u00e9m de j\u00e1 possuir a melhor frota de trens de alta velocidade do mundo, as ferrovias chinesas ainda est\u00e3o em constante aprimoramento e \u00e9 muito poss\u00edvel que as ferrovias sejam ainda mais aprimoradas nos pr\u00f3ximos anos. Em 2021, por exemplo, o governo chin\u00eas anunciou o lan\u00e7amento do trem mais r\u00e1pido do mundo, que pode chegar at\u00e9 600 km\/h. Para conseguir atingir essa alta velocidade se diferenciam dos trens-balas tradicionais, que s\u00e3o conduzidos por ferrovias chinesas el\u00e9tricas. Para chegar at\u00e9 600 km\/h, o novo trem bala chin\u00eas se utiliza tecnologia de levita\u00e7\u00e3o magn\u00e9tica, diminuindo o contato dos trens com os trilhos e dando a sensa\u00e7\u00e3o de que o trem realmente est\u00e1 levitando.  Esses trens de alta velocidade das ferrovias chinesas s\u00e3o respons\u00e1veis, atualmente, pelo transporte de pessoas e cargas por toda a extens\u00e3o do pa\u00eds. Em 2019, por exemplo, a estimativa do governo chin\u00eas \u00e9 que foram transportados  3,54 bilh\u00f5es de passageiros no pa\u00eds somente nos trens-bala. J\u00e1 em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s mercadorias, os n\u00fameros tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o expressivos. Nesse mesmo ano foram transportadas 3,37 bilh\u00f5es de toneladas de mercadorias, que variam o tipo, como carv\u00e3o, petr\u00f3leo, gr\u00e3os, entre outros. Projetos de expans\u00e3o das ferrovias chinesas Como j\u00e1 abordamos ao longo do artigo, as ferrovias chinesas j\u00e1 s\u00e3o bastante significativas e a China \u00e9 um dos principais pa\u00edses quando se fala em malha ferrovi\u00e1ria. Entretanto, o pa\u00eds continua aprimorando seus investimentos, visando a constru\u00e7\u00e3o e montagem de novos projetos de integra\u00e7\u00e3o entre as cidades e a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de novos trens de alta velocidade. O trem-bala anunciado em 2021, que chega at\u00e9 600 km\/h, \u00e9 um dos exemplos de como a China busca expandir ainda mais seus projetos das ferrovias chinesas. Ainda, de acordo com o programa de desenvolvimento ferrovi\u00e1rio apresentado pela China Railway, o pa\u00eds dever\u00e1 conectar todas as cidades chinesas com popula\u00e7\u00e3o acima de 500 mil at\u00e9 2035. Toda essa conex\u00e3o ser\u00e1 feita com trens de alta velocidade.  Com esse projeto, a ideia \u00e9 que as ferrovias chinesas cheguem, at\u00e9 2035, a 200 mil km de extens\u00e3o, sendo 70 mil km com trens de alta velocidade. A ideia tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 que todas as cidades com popula\u00e7\u00e3o acima de 200 mil pessoas sejam interligadas com ferrovias, independentemente se forem com trens-bala ou n\u00e3o. Conclus\u00e3o Como vimos, as ferrovias chinesas s\u00e3o bastante significativas, n\u00e3o s\u00f3 para a China, mas como para o restante do mundo, servindo como refer\u00eancia tecnol\u00f3gica […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3826,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3824","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ferrovias"],"yoast_head":"\nSaiba quais s\u00e3o as principais ferrovias chinesas - Massa Pesagem<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Leia mais sobre as ferrovias chinesas, seus projetos de expans\u00e3o e a estrutura ferrovi\u00e1ria espalhada por todo pa\u00eds. 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