{"id":2653,"date":"2020-10-28T11:29:31","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T14:29:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/?p=2653"},"modified":"2023-01-13T09:00:31","modified_gmt":"2023-01-13T12:00:31","slug":"ferrrovia-ou-rodovia-qual-meio-de-transporte-e-melhor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/en\/ferrrovia-ou-rodovia-qual-meio-de-transporte-e-melhor\/","title":{"rendered":"Railroad or highway: which means of transport is better?"},"content":{"rendered":"

The question of which railroad or highway is the best is common, so we will cover everything about the two sectors in this one. railroads and highways are, in Brazil and in the world, the main means of transporting cargo and people. To answer this complex question, it is necessary to know a little more about each sector and understand its contexts here in the country. We will then talk about the road sector, explaining how it developed and how it is established today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To start our explanation about Brazilian highways, we need to show you how it was to insert this type of transport in the country. In 1861, when Brazil was not yet a republic, the then Brazilian emperor, D. Pedro II, participated in the inauguration of the first Brazilian road. Estrada Uni\u00e3o e Ind\u00fastria was built to connect the city of Petr\u00f3polis, in Rio de Janeiro, to Juiz de Fora, in Minas Gerais. In the case of the first construction, paving applications on the roads were not made in the same way as they are today. At the time, Estrada Uni\u00e3o e Ind\u00fastria was paved by the macadam model, where the floor structure was composed mainly of stones. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The evolution of the road sector is quite visible. Since this first construction opened in the 19th century, when the highway was used mainly for the transport of coffee to the ports, the changes in this sector are quite expressive, from the amount of mileage of the roads, the functionality of the sector, the structuring of roads and everything that encompasses the Brazilian road segment. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nowadays, the mileage of roadways reaches marks exceeding 1.7 million kilometers, and is the largest transport sector in the country. In order for the road sector to achieve its importance in the transportation of cargo and people, it was necessary that this evolutionary process received high government investments. The potentialization of this sector began mainly in the mid-1920s, in the last century, when the President of Brazil, Washington Lu\u00eds, inaugurated the first paved road in the country, which connected the city of Rio de Janeiro to Petr\u00f3polis, both located in the state of Rio, capital of Brazil at the time. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why have investments grown?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Por<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Since when the paved roads were implemented, the new governments started to look with affection for this sector, and saw on the roads a great form of economic development and, also, a very effective way of interconnecting Brazilian cities and states. The growth of the road sector peaked in the late 1950s, when then President Juscelino Kubitschek invested massively in the implementation of new highways. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until then, the government's discussion was focused on which sector would be most worth investing in, by rail or highway. However, the Brazilian president chose to prioritize highway roads for some aspects. First, he saw on the highways a great possibility of interconnecting Brazilian cities. In this way, the sector would allow both cargo transportation and outflow to Brazilian ports, as well as allowing people to move between cities. Juscelino was also one of the main Brazilian leaders who invested in the industrial sector, raising foreign capital and expanding the size of industries in Brazil. Therefore, another point that made the president, having to choose between railroad or highway, opt for the second option, was the possibility that he saw of expansion of the auto industries. The reasoning is simple: the more roads, the more automotive vehicles could circulate and, thus, they would become a highly sought after consumer item. In this way, foreign industries would be attracted to invest in the construction of factories here in Brazil, in order to increase the production and creation of automotive vehicles. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benefits and harms of railroads or highways<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Benefits<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

As in any space or sector, especially when comparing railroads or highways, the road sector brings a number of benefits to the population and the Brazilian economy, but it can also be fraught with problems. First, it is important to point out the positives of the road sector. As we mentioned in the previous paragraphs, the roads made it possible and still enable a great interconnection of Brazilian cities and states, in addition to providing the growth of the automobile industries. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Other points in favor of this sector are that governments have seen a very lucrative way of collecting taxes for the improvement of infrastructure in different areas. On almost all Brazilian highways these days, where they are divided into sections, several toll booths are installed. Tolls are used to collect a certain amount of money for each vehicle that passes through the stretch of highway where there is a toll. As the movement of vehicles on the highways is quite large, the amount collected is also numerous, making the road sector very profitable and, therefore, investments in it remain so intense.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On the other hand, there are some problems that surround Brazilian highways. Highways still pose a potential danger to people's lives. According to data from the National Transport Confederation (CNT), every day Brazil accounts for an average of 14 deaths and 190 accidents of different proportions on Brazilian highways. This data is very important and scary, and can be explained by the lack of structural quality of some roads and the way they are built. The data from the National Department of Transport Infrastructure (DNIT), points out that in the last few years the number of paved roads was much lower than those not paved. About 1.3 million kilometers of roads are not paved with asphalt, which is the safest and most suitable element for moving automotive vehicles. Thus, the roads continue with these dangerous numbers of accidents, mainly due to the lack of paving of the roads. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brazilian railroads<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Brazilian<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

As our focus is to understand which space, railroad or highway, is the most important for Brazilian transport, it is also necessary to contextualize the situation of the railroads in the country. The railroad sector was once the main means of transporting cargo and people, mainly because it was the first model built. The doubt between railroad or highway did not exist until the mid-1950s, when the railroad sector was still prevalent.

Currently, railroads are still important for the transportation of cargo and people. The length of the railroad tracks reaches the 30 thousand km mark. Despite the fact that, in the comparison between railroads and highways, railroads have undergone a long process of abandonment to the detriment of road lines, the sector is beginning to see new growth possibilities emerging today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There was an important change in the legislation of the railroad sector in the 90's, which made it easier for private companies to acquire the concession of the lines and start to manage the railroads. In this way, the private sector and governments began to make new investments in the sector, giving hope for new air for rail transport. You can understand a little more about this by accessing the link, <\/a>, in which we explain what are these new investments that have been emerging in this segment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are several benefits that the railroad sector brings to the Brazilian economy. The quantity of items transported in this sector is quite impressive, being one of the main ways of transporting cargo to Brazilian exporting ports. In addition, they are great means of interconnecting cities that contain a large production and that need the items produced to be transported to the appropriate terminals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The rail sector is also important for the general population in some states. The implementation of train and subway lines for the transportation of passengers is one of the main ways that people have to move in an accessible way through major cities in Brazil, such as S\u00e3o Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Railroad or highway comparison<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Railroad<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Finally, we need to compare the sectors to determine which is the most important, railroad or Highway. As you have noticed throughout the text, both segments, railroad or Highway, are fundamental in the transportation of cargo and passengers within the country. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

We could see that currently the length of the highways is much greater than that of the railroads. This was mainly due to the choice of Brazilian governments in the last century that saw the road sector as an excellent form of economic growth, leaving the railroads a little aside. To give you an idea, according to data from the National Transport Confederation, more than 60% of cargo transported in Brazil goes through the road sector, while only 20% goes through the rail sector. This number exemplifies this comparison of the current moment when we talk about Railroad or highway. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conclusion on which mode of transport is best, railroad or highway?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

We noticed throughout the text that Railroads or Highway form the main composition of the networks for transporting cargo and people in Brazil. Both have undergone major changes over the years to become what they are today. It is not possible to determine the fate of the sectors, but it has become clear that the highway is dominant today. Even though the scenario for the near future of the railroads is encouraging, the distance between the two segments is still quite large. Each of these sectors has advantages and disadvantages, which we have shown in the previous paragraphs. Thus, it is difficult to determine which sector, railroad or highway, is best. However, we can conclude that, at the present time, highways stand out in relation to railroads, as they are more profitable for governments and also bring with them a series of investments. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Searchs: https:\/\/cbie.com.br\/artigos\/como-e-feito-o-transporte-de-cargas-no-brasil\/#:~:text=No%20Brasil%2C%20cerca%20de%2060,consequ%C3%AAncia%20de%20um%20processo%20hist%C3%B3rico.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.terra.com.br\/noticias\/brasil\/estradas\/brasil-tem-apenas-13-das-estradas-pavimentadas,7474a9670cb9f1e0180774a18f84b1ca5dzs3j5k.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.cnt.org.br\/agencia-cnt\/como-funciona-nomenclatura-rodovias-federais<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.douradosagora.com.br\/noticias\/brasil\/brasil-tem-mais-de-1-7-milhao-de-quilometros-de-estradas-federais#:~:text=Brasil%20tem%20mais%20de%201%2C7%20milh%C3%A3o%20de%20quil%C3%B4metros%20de%20estradas%20federais,-maior%20parte%20est%C3%A1&text=A%20nomenclatura%20das%20rodovias%20federais,%2C%20diagonal%20e%20de%20liga%C3%A7%C3%A3o).<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/memoria.ebc.com.br\/agenciabrasil\/noticia\/2011-06-23\/primeira-rodovia-pavimentada-no-brasil-comemora-hoje-150-anos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.camara.leg.br\/radio\/programas\/260157-especial-rodovias-as-primeiras-estradas-brasileiras-05-49\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/www.turismo.gov.br\/ultimas-noticias\/5385-como-entender-o-significado-do-n%C3%BAmero-das-estradas-brasileiras.html#:~:text=O%20n%C3%BAmero%20de%20uma%20estrada,%2D324%20e%20BR%2D364.<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"O questionamento entre qual \u00e9 melhor ferrovia ou rodovia, \u00e9 algo comum, logo abordaremos tudo sobre os dois setores nesse . Ferrovias e rodovias s\u00e3o, no Brasil e no mundo, os principais meios de transporte de cargas e de pessoas. Para responder a essa pergunta complexa, \u00e9 preciso conhecer um pouco mais sobre cada setor e entender os seus contextos aqui no pa\u00eds. Falaremos, ent\u00e3o, do setor rodovi\u00e1rio, explicando como ele se desenvolveu e como ele est\u00e1 estabelecido nos dias atuais. Para iniciar nossa explica\u00e7\u00e3o acerca das rodovias brasileiras, precisamos mostrar para voc\u00ea como foi a inser\u00e7\u00e3o desse tipo de via de transporte no pa\u00eds. Em 1861, quando o Brasil ainda n\u00e3o era uma rep\u00fablica, o ent\u00e3o imperador brasileiro, D. Pedro II,  participou da inaugura\u00e7\u00e3o da primeira estrada brasileira. A Estrada Uni\u00e3o e Ind\u00fastria foi constru\u00edda para interligar a cidade de Petr\u00f3polis, no Rio de Janeiro, at\u00e9 Juiz de Fora, em Minas Gerais. Se tratando da primeira constru\u00e7\u00e3o, as aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de pavimenta\u00e7\u00e3o nas estradas n\u00e3o eram feitas da mesma maneira que s\u00e3o hoje em dia. Na \u00e9poca, a Estrada Uni\u00e3o e Ind\u00fastria foi pavimentada pelo modelo de macadame, onde a estrutura do piso era composta principalmente por pedras.  A evolu\u00e7\u00e3o do setor rodovi\u00e1rio \u00e9 bastante vis\u00edvel. Desde essa primeira constru\u00e7\u00e3o inaugurada ainda no s\u00e9culo XIX, em que a rodovia servia principalmente para o escoamento do caf\u00e9 para os portos, as mudan\u00e7as ocorridas nesse setor s\u00e3o bem expressivas, desde a quantidade de quilometragem das vias, a funcionalidade do setor, a estrutura\u00e7\u00e3o das estradas e tudo o que engloba o segmento rodovi\u00e1rio brasileiro.  Nos dias atuais, a quilometragem das vias rodovi\u00e1rias atinge marcas superiores aos 1,7 milh\u00f5es de quil\u00f4metros, e \u00e9 o maior setor de transporte em extens\u00e3o do pa\u00eds. Para que o setor rodovi\u00e1rio alcan\u00e7asse a import\u00e2ncia que tem na transporta\u00e7\u00e3o de cargas e pessoas, foi necess\u00e1rio que esse processo evolutivo recebesse altos investimentos governamentais. O in\u00edcio da potencializa\u00e7\u00e3o desse setor se deu principalmente em meados da d\u00e9cada de 20, no s\u00e9culo passado, quando o presidente do Brasil, Washington Lu\u00eds, inaugurou a primeira estrada asfaltada do pa\u00eds, que ligava a cidade do Rio de Janeiro at\u00e9 Petr\u00f3polis, ambas localizadas no estado do Rio, capital do Brasil na \u00e9poca.  Por que os investimentos cresceram? Desde quando foram implementadas as estradas asfaltadas, os novos governos passaram a olhar com carinho para esse setor, e viram nas estradas uma \u00f3tima forma de desenvolvimento econ\u00f4mico e, tamb\u00e9m, uma forma bastante eficaz de interligar cidades e estados brasileiros. O crescimento do setor rodovi\u00e1rio teve seu auge no final da d\u00e9cada de 50, quando o ent\u00e3o presidente Juscelino Kubitschek investiu massivamente na implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de novas rodovias.  At\u00e9 ent\u00e3o, a discuss\u00e3o dos governos era focada em qual setor valeria mais a pena investir, em ferrovia ou rodovia. Mas, o presidente brasileiro optou por priorizar as estradas rodovi\u00e1rias por alguns aspectos. Primeiramente, ele viu nas rodovias uma grande possibilidade de interligar as cidades brasileiras. Dessa forma, o setor permitiria tanto o transporte de cargas e o escoamento para os portos brasileiros, como possibilitaria que as pessoas se deslocassem entre as cidades. Juscelino tamb\u00e9m foi um dos principais governantes brasileiros que investiu no setor industrial, arrecadando capital estrangeiros e ampliando o tamanho das ind\u00fastrias no Brasil. Portanto, outro ponto que fez com que o presidente ao ter que escolher entre ferrovia ou rodovia, optasse pela segunda op\u00e7\u00e3o, foi a possibilidade que ele viu de expans\u00e3o das ind\u00fastrias automobil\u00edsticas. O racioc\u00ednio \u00e9 simples: quanto mais estradas, mais ve\u00edculos automotivos poderiam circular e, assim, eles iriam se tornar um item de consumo bastante procurado. Dessa forma, as ind\u00fastrias estrangeiras se sentiriam atra\u00eddas em investir na constru\u00e7\u00e3o de f\u00e1bricas aqui no Brasil, para que aumentassem a produ\u00e7\u00e3o e a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de ve\u00edculos automotivos.  Benef\u00edcios e malef\u00edcios das ferrovias ou rodovias Assim como em qualquer espa\u00e7o ou setor, principalmente na compara\u00e7\u00e3o Ferrovia ou rodovia, o setor rodovi\u00e1rio traz uma s\u00e9rie de benef\u00edcios para a popula\u00e7\u00e3o e para economia brasileira mas, tamb\u00e9m, pode ser repleto de problemas. Primeiramente, \u00e9 importante apontar os pontos positivos do setor rodovi\u00e1rio. Como mencionamos nos par\u00e1grafos anteriores, as estradas possibilitaram e ainda possibilitam uma grande interliga\u00e7\u00e3o das cidades e estados brasileiros, al\u00e9m de proporcionarem o crescimento das ind\u00fastrias automobil\u00edsticas.  Outros pontos a favor desse setor \u00e9 que os governos viram uma forma bastante lucrativa de arrecadar impostos para a melhoria da infraestrutura de diversos espa\u00e7os. Em quase todas as rodovias brasileiras nos dias de hoje, em que as mesmas s\u00e3o divididas por trechos, s\u00e3o instaladas diversas cabines de ped\u00e1gio. Os ped\u00e1gios servem para que seja arrecadada uma certa quantia monet\u00e1ria por cada ve\u00edculo que transita pelo trecho da rodovia em que h\u00e1 um ped\u00e1gio. Como a movimenta\u00e7\u00e3o de ve\u00edculos nas rodovias \u00e9 bastante grande, a quantia arrecada tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 numerosa, fazendo com que o setor rodovi\u00e1rio seja bastante lucrativo e, por isso, os investimentos nele seguem t\u00e3o intensos. Por outro lado, existem alguns problemas que cercam as rodovias brasileiras. As rodovias ainda oferecem um potencial perigo para a vida das pessoas. Segundo dados da Confedera\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional de Transporte (CNT), todos os dias o Brasil contabiliza em m\u00e9dia 14 mortes e 190 acidentes de diferentes propor\u00e7\u00f5es nas rodovias brasileiras. Esse dado \u00e9 bastante importante e assustador, e pode ser explicado pela falta de qualidade estrutural de algumas vias e da forma como elas s\u00e3o constru\u00eddas. O dado do Departamento Nacional de Infraestrutura de Transportes (DNIT), aponta que nos \u00faltimos anos a quantidade de vias pavimentadas foi muito inferior \u00e0s n\u00e3o pavimentadas. Cerca de 1,3 milh\u00f5es de quil\u00f4metros das estradas n\u00e3o s\u00e3o pavimentadas com asfalto, que \u00e9 o elemento mais seguro e apropriado para a movimenta\u00e7\u00e3o dos ve\u00edculos automotivos. Dessa forma, as estradas seguem com esses n\u00fameros perigosos de acidentes, principalmente por conta dessa falta de pavimenta\u00e7\u00e3o das vias.  Ferrovias brasileiras Como o nosso foco \u00e9 entender qual espa\u00e7o, Ferrovia ou rodovia, \u00e9 o mais importante para o transporte brasileiro, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio tamb\u00e9m contextualizar a situa\u00e7\u00e3o das ferrovias no pa\u00eds. O setor ferrovi\u00e1rio j\u00e1 foi o principal meio de transporte de […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2660,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51,50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ferrovias","category-logistica"],"yoast_head":"\nFerrovia ou rodovia: qual meio de transporte \u00e9 melhor? - MASSA Pesagem<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Entenda tudo sobre a diferen\u00e7a entre ferrovia ou rodovia, as vantagens de cada um e as desvantagens de cada modal de transporte.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/en\/ferrrovia-ou-rodovia-qual-meio-de-transporte-e-melhor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ferrovia ou rodovia: qual meio de transporte \u00e9 melhor? 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