{"id":2372,"date":"2020-06-15T09:59:54","date_gmt":"2020-06-15T12:59:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/?p=2372"},"modified":"2023-01-13T09:00:45","modified_gmt":"2023-01-13T12:00:45","slug":"malha-ferroviaria-no-brasil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/massa.ind.br\/en\/malha-ferroviaria-no-brasil\/","title":{"rendered":"Rail Network in Brazil in 2020: What is it and how does it work?"},"content":{"rendered":"

How and where to transport large loads over a long distances? Certainly, some answers to this question can be found, but the one that is most effective is through the railways. transportation system based on trains passing through previously arranged tracks, the railway network in Brazil and in the world is overland transport with greater capacity to carry cargo. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This loading model is common in highly industrialized regions, such as Europe, the Pacific Rim and in other populous places, such as India, for example. In developing countries, as the case of Brazil, the railways were left aside for the greater growth of the highways, as you will see in the course of this article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Given this scenario, do not waste time and find out right now everything about the railway network in Brazil and around the world. Continue reading and learn more about the history of the railroads, how they arrived in Brazil and their implementation, reasons why the railroads have been passed over in relation to the highways in the past and also how this scenario may change in the coming years. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rail network <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Rail<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The creation and use of the first railroads are directly linked to the First Industrial Revolution, which took place between the 18th and 19th centuries in England. Initially, the locomotives used were powered by steam, generated by burning coal and reached a speed of up to 70 km \/ h (110 mph).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Due to its great innovation, the railway networks quickly spread to other places in the world. It is necessary to point out that, with the exception of the United Kingdom, which was the place where the system was created, the other countries had the United States as the main financier of the creation of railways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another factor of great prominence in the use of the railway network and locomotives for the transportation of cargo and people is the fact that the cost per ton transported is low. Despite this, the amounts spent for the construction and maintenance of the railway lines are a little high. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Currently, it is possible to find rail transport on all continents on the planet, but as previously mentioned, at different levels of development. To give an idea, there are models trains that can reach up to 250 km \/ h when transporting cargo or people, such as TGV, for example. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Railway network in Brazil <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Railway<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The history of the railway network in Brazil begins in the middle of the 19th century, more precisely in 1854 with the inauguration of the railway that connected the Port of Mau\u00e1, in Guanabara Bay, Serra da Estrela, on the way to Petr\u00f3polis. This work was carried out by the Imperial Railways Company, having a length of 14.5 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the following years, railroads also began to be created in the Rec\u00f4ncavo Baiano, Northeast and, in the vast majority, in the state of S\u00e3o Paulo, which was undergoing rapid development due to the coffee economy that had been established in the region. Unfortunately, many of these railways lacked the least amount of planning, being created only to satisfy the commercial interests of that moment.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

After that, in the period between 1870 and 1920, Brazil witnessed the peak of the development of its railway network, reaching the mark of growth of 6,000 km per decade. Even with this progress, from 1920, as the creation and evolution of technologies applied to automobiles, the railroads entered a stage of stagnation, having marks of this stagnation process until today, as you will see in the next topic of the article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At present, the Southeast Region of Brazil concentrates some of the cities (47%) of the country\u2019s railroad tracks, even though the North and Central West Regions together concentrate at 8%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why doesn't Brazil use the railways? <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Why<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The beginning of the stoppage of the railway network in Brazil was marked by the government of President Juscelino Kubitschek, which prioritized the opening of highways and the establishment of automobile multinationals plants in the country. As a result, the railways were increasingly abandoned, in many cases becoming unusable.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition to this fact, for several specialists in the field, one of the main obstacles to railway development in the country is the lack of continuity in the country's logistics planning projects. This is because the construction of a railway is a long-term project, which requires continuation, which rarely happens in Brazil because of the changes in government, which often values the abandonment of old projects in the name of renewing the agenda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The term of railway concessions in Brazil is also considered a problem. Currently, this period lasts only 30 years, which is very short when we think that the planning of a railway can last 60, 70 years. This makes it impossible for companies to become the concessionaires of the lines.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

New directions <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"New<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The year 2020 started with significant changes when we consider rail transport. The Ministry of Infrastructure, through Minister Tarc\u00edsio Freitas, announced that the participation of the railroads in the Brazilian transport matrix should increase from 15% to 30% in six years. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In this same speech, the minister also announced the bidding for projects on three railroads, which together with other government actions, intend to reduce the flow of trucks on the highways and also reduce freight costs, in addition to providing a \u201crevolution in Brazilian agribusiness\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition to all these new features, the government also promises an investment of U$ 6 billion<\/a> to expand the entire railway network in Brazil, including the implementation of more railway scales, which make a difference to reduce the risk of accidents. Learn more about this subject by clicking here<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In general, the history of railways in Brazil is very similar to that of other countries that are also in development, where highways are privileged in relation to the railway network. Even so, the last few years have shown a sign of change in this scenario, with a greater search for transportation by rail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Did you like this articles about the railway network in Brazil? So, take the time to share with friends on social networks. If you want to have access to more content, just click here<\/a> and go to our blog.  <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Como e por onde transportar grandes cargas em uma longa dist\u00e2ncia? Com certeza, podem ser encontradas algumas respostas para essa pergunta, mas a que se apresenta mais eficaz \u00e9 pelas ferrovias. Sistema de transporte baseado em trens passando por trilhos previamente dispostos, a malha ferrovi\u00e1ria no Brasil e no mundo \u00e9 o transporte terrestre com maior capacidade para levar cargas.  Esse modelo de carregamento \u00e9 comum em regi\u00f5es altamente industrializadas, como a Europa, o extremo leste da \u00c1sia e ainda em outros lugares populosos, como a \u00cdndia, por exemplo. J\u00e1 em pa\u00edses em desenvolvimento, como \u00e9 o caso do Brasil, as ferrovias foram deixadas de lado para o maior crescimento das rodovias, como voc\u00ea ver\u00e1 ao decorrer do presente artigo. Diante desse cen\u00e1rio, n\u00e3o perca tempo e descubra agora mesmo tudo sobre a malha ferrovi\u00e1ria no Brasil e em todo o mundo. Continue a leitura e conhe\u00e7a mais sobre a hist\u00f3ria das ferrovias, como elas chegaram ao Brasil e a sua implanta\u00e7\u00e3o, motivos para que as ferrovias tenham sido preteridas em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s rodovias em determinado momento e tamb\u00e9m como esse cen\u00e1rio pode mudar nos pr\u00f3ximos anos.  Malha ferrovi\u00e1ria  A cria\u00e7\u00e3o e a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o das primeiras ferrovias est\u00e3o diretamente ligadas \u00e0 Primeira Revolu\u00e7\u00e3o Industrial, que ocorreu entre os s\u00e9culos XVIII e XIX na Inglaterra. Inicialmente, as locomotivas usadas eram movidas a vapor, gerado pela queima de carv\u00e3o e chegavam a atingir uma velocidade de at\u00e9 70 km\/h. Devido a sua grande inova\u00e7\u00e3o para a \u00e9poca, rapidamente as malhas ferrovi\u00e1rias se espalharam para outros lugares do mundo. Com isso, \u00e9 preciso pontuar que com exce\u00e7\u00e3o do Reino Unido, que foi o local de cria\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema, os demais pa\u00edses tiveram os Estados unidos como o principal financiador da cria\u00e7\u00e3o de ferrovias. Outro fator de grande destaque da utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da malha ferrovi\u00e1ria e locomotivas para o transporte de cargas e pessoas \u00e9 o fato do custo por tonelada transportada ser baixo. Apesar disso, os valores gastos para a constru\u00e7\u00e3o e conserva\u00e7\u00e3o das linhas f\u00e9rreas s\u00e3o um pouco elevados.  Atualmente, j\u00e1 \u00e9 poss\u00edvel encontrar o transporte ferrovi\u00e1rio em todos os continentes do planeta, mas como j\u00e1 citado anteriormente, em diferentes n\u00edveis de desenvolvimento. Para se ter uma ideia, j\u00e1 existem modelos de trens que conseguem atingir at\u00e9 250 km\/h durante o transporte de carga ou pessoas, como os TGVs, por exemplo.  Malha ferrovi\u00e1ria no Brasil  A hist\u00f3ria da malha ferrovi\u00e1ria no Brasil come\u00e7a, por sua vez, no final do s\u00e9culo XIX, mais precisamente em 1854 com a inaugura\u00e7\u00e3o da ferrovia que ligava o Porto de Mau\u00e1, na Ba\u00eda de Guanabara, a Serra da Estrela, no caminho de Petr\u00f3polis. Essa obra foi realizada pela Imperial Companhia de estradas de ferro, tendo uma extens\u00e3o de 14,5 km. Nos anos seguintes tamb\u00e9m passaram a ser criadas linhas f\u00e9rreas no Rec\u00f4ncavo Baiano, Nordeste e, em grande maioria, no estado de S\u00e3o Paulo que se apresentava em franco desenvolvimento por conta da economia cafeeira que tinha se instaurado na regi\u00e3o. Infelizmente, muitas dessas ferrovias n\u00e3o possu\u00edam o m\u00ednimo de planejamento, sendo criadas apenas para satisfazer os interesses comerciais do momento.   Ap\u00f3s isso, no per\u00edodo entre os anos de 1870 e 1920, o Brasil presenciou o auge do desenvolvimento da sua malha ferrovi\u00e1ria, chegando a marca de 6.000 km por d\u00e9cada de crescimento. Mesmo com esse avan\u00e7o, a partir de 1920, como a cria\u00e7\u00e3o e evolu\u00e7\u00e3o das tecnologias aplicadas nos autom\u00f3veis, as ferrovias entraram numa fase de estagna\u00e7\u00e3o, tendo marcas desse processo at\u00e9 hoje, como voc\u00ea ver\u00e1 no pr\u00f3ximo t\u00f3pico do artigo. Atualmente, a Regi\u00e3o Sudeste concentra quase metade (47%) das ferrovias do pa\u00eds, enquanto as Regi\u00f5es Norte e Centro-oeste, juntas, concentram apenas 8%. Porque o Brasil n\u00e3o usa as ferrovias?  O in\u00edcio da parada da malha ferrovi\u00e1ria no Brasil teve como marco o governo  do presidente Juscelino Kubitschek que priorizou a abertura de rodovias e o estabelecimento de multinacionais de autom\u00f3veis no pa\u00eds. A partir disso, as ferrovias foram cada vez mais abandonadas, chegando em muitos casos a ficarem inutilizadas.   Al\u00e9m desse fato, para diversos especialistas do ramo, um dos principais fatores de entrave do desenvolvimento ferrovi\u00e1rio no pa\u00eds \u00e9 a falta de continuidade nos projetos de planejamento log\u00edstico do pa\u00eds. Isso porque a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de uma ferrovia \u00e9 um projeto de longo prazo, que exige continua\u00e7\u00e3o, o que pouco ocorre no Brasil com as trocas de governo, que muitas vezes preza pelo abandono de projetos antigos em nome de renova\u00e7\u00e3o da agenda. Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 considerado um problema o prazo das concess\u00f5es ferrovi\u00e1rias no Brasil. Atualmente esse per\u00edodo dura apenas 30 anos, o que \u00e9 muito curto quando pensamos que o planejamento de uma ferrovia chega a durar 60, 70 anos. Isso inviabiliza que empresas se tornem as concession\u00e1rias das linhas.   Novos rumos  O ano de 2020 come\u00e7ou com mudan\u00e7as significativas quando consideramos o transporte ferrovi\u00e1rio. O minist\u00e9rio da Infraestrutura, por meio do ministro Tarc\u00edsio Freitas, anunciou que a participa\u00e7\u00e3o das ferrovias na matriz do transporte brasileiro deve passar de 15% para 30% em seis anos.  Nesse mesmo pronunciamento, o ministro tamb\u00e9m anunciou a licita\u00e7\u00e3o de projetos de tr\u00eas ferrovias, que em conjunto com outras a\u00e7\u00f5es governamentais, pretendem diminuir o fluxo de caminh\u00f5es nas rodovias e tamb\u00e9m uma redu\u00e7\u00e3o no custo do frete, al\u00e9m do fato de proporcionar uma \u201crevolu\u00e7\u00e3o no agroneg\u00f3cio brasileiro\u201d. Al\u00e9m de todas essas novidades, o governo tamb\u00e9m promete um investimento de R$ 30 bilh\u00f5es para ampliar toda a malha ferrovi\u00e1ria no Brasil, passando pela implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de mais balan\u00e7as ferrovi\u00e1rias, que fazem a diferen\u00e7a para diminuir risco de acidentes. Saiba mais sobre esse assunto clicando aqui.  Conclus\u00e3o De uma forma geral, a hist\u00f3ria das ferrovias no Brasil \u00e9 muito parecida com a de outros pa\u00edses que tamb\u00e9m est\u00e3o em desenvolvimento, onde as rodovias s\u00e3o privilegiadas em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 malha ferrovi\u00e1ria. Mesmo assim, os \u00faltimos anos t\u00eam mostrado um sinal de mudan\u00e7a nesse cen\u00e1rio, havendo uma maior busca pelo transporte pelos trilhos. Gostou desse conte\u00fado sobre a malha ferrovi\u00e1ria no Brasil? Ent\u00e3o, aproveite para compartilhar com os amigos nas redes sociais. Se quiser ter acesso […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2373,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-malha-ferroviaria"],"yoast_head":"\nMalha Ferrovi\u00e1ria no Brasil em 2020: O que \u00e9 e como funciona? - Massa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Quer entender como funciona a Malha Ferrovi\u00e1ria no Brasil em 2020 e quais s\u00e3o os rumos que a malha ferrovi\u00e1ria brasileira est\u00e1 tomando? 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